Kelowna华人史.之二：Kelowna 及周边华人社区对中国革命及世界战争的些许贡献 The History of Chinese in Kelowna, Part Two: Contributions of the Kelowna and Surrounding Chinese Community to the Chinese Revolution and World Wars

Original 谭先生 K屯华人论坛 2024年04月17日 09:57 转载自谭先生

Originally posted by Mr. Tan on the Kelowna Chinese Forum on April 17, 2024, at 09:57 AM Reposted from Mr. Tan

在Kelowna及其周边地区，华人社区在中国革命和世界战争中发挥了一些贡献，虽然在历史上可能被忽略，但它们铭记着华人社区的勇敢和坚韧，为世界的进步和我们华人的今天的美好生活做出了些许努力。 In Kelowna and its surrounding areas, the Chinese community made notable contributions to the Chinese Revolution and world wars. Though these contributions may have been overlooked in history, they symbolize the bravery and resilience of the Chinese community, contributing to global progress and the better lives we enjoy today.

1. 孙中山到访Kelowna募集了资金支持黄花岗起义. Sun Yat-sen visited Kelowna to raise funds for the Huanghuagang Uprising.

1911年2月29日，孙中山在谢秋和李丙辰的保护下，从Kamloops做火车到Vernon，乘船抵达Kelowna，在致公堂30多人和中华乐队的欢迎下，在现City Park附近登陆。次日在致公堂发表演讲后，众人陪同孙中山在Chinatown逐门劝捐，共筹款300加币，在当时可以购买2栋房产。此款项被用于黄花岗起义。 On February 29, 1911, under the protection of Xie Qiu and Li Bingchen, Sun Yat-sen traveled by train from Kamloops to Vernon, then by boat to Kelowna. He was welcomed by over 30 members of the Zhigongtang and the Chinese band near what is now City Park. After giving a speech at Zhigongtang the next day, Sun Yat-sen, accompanied by others, went door-to-door in Chinatown to solicit donations, raising a total of 300 Canadian dollars, enough to buy two houses at the time. These funds were used for the Huanghuagang Uprising.

2 华人参与修筑的Pacific Railway 曾秘密运送过中国劳工支援欧洲战场 Chinese laborers who built the Pacific Railway secretly transported Chinese workers to support the European front.

一战是人类史上首次使用现代武器大规模作战，欧洲国家战斗人员急剧减员，很多协约国开始从征调各族裔劳工加入军需后勤。法国和英国和中国签订合同，先后雇佣了8万多中国人编入中国劳工营。从1917年4月到1918年8月短短的一年半中，有8万多名中国劳工过境加拿大通过华人修筑的铁路奔赴欧洲战场。因政府严厉实行战时法严禁报道，多年来同一战中国华工史一道湮没于历史。被称为特别列车或丝绸列车（Silk Train）过境史，同样是华工对于一战协约国贡献的一部分，值得为人所知。World War I was the first major conflict to use modern weapons on a large scale, and the rapid decline in European combat personnel led many Allied nations to recruit laborers of various ethnicities for military logistics. France and the UK signed contracts with China, employing over 80,000 Chinese laborers in the Chinese Labor Corps. From April 1917 to August 1918, over 80,000 Chinese laborers passed through Canada via the railroads built by Chinese workers to reach the European front. Due to wartime censorship, this passage, like the history of Chinese laborers in World War I, was largely forgotten. The so-called “Silk Train” passage is a testament to the contributions of Chinese laborers to the Allied forces in World War I and deserves recognition.

3. Naramata 二战华人特工训练营 Naramata World War II Chinese Special Agents Training Camp

Naramata 以北约 16 公里处，曾经有一个名为“突击队湾”的绝密基地，1944年，13 名华裔加拿大人在这里接受四个多月的轻武器、爆破、破坏、通讯和其他游击战术训练。训练是绝密的。此后前往东南亚敌后作战。这件事情之所以意义重大，不仅仅是这些军人在战场的勇敢表现和受到到的表彰，更重要的是当时的背景，并不欢迎少数族裔特别是华人入伍，涉及到是否先要效忠国家，还是先有投票权 的问题。About 16 kilometers north of Naramata was a secret base called “Commando Bay.” In 1944, 13 Chinese-Canadian men underwent over four months of training in light weapons, explosives, sabotage, communications, and other guerrilla tactics. The training was top secret. These soldiers were later deployed to Southeast Asia for behind-enemy-lines operations. This episode is significant not only for the bravery and recognition of these soldiers but also for the context of the time, which did not welcome minority enlistment, especially Chinese, and involved issues of loyalty to the country versus the right to vote.

请观看电影 Please watch the movie Operation Oblivion ：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USWMwVGOJng&t=1828s

4. Kelowna 战斗英雄 Kuolim Mah 的简要事迹 Brief Account of Kelowna War Hero Kuolim Mah

马郭林，Kelowna华人，1933年完成飞行训练后排到中国中央政府空军歼击机中队。1942年起飞行“驼峰”航线二战时期中国和盟军一条主要的空中通道，这是世界航空史和军事史上的最为艰险的一条运输线。长约800公里。驼峰飞行也是二战中持续时间最长的大规模空中运输，因恶劣的地形和气候条件，又被称为「死亡航线」1944年不幸坠机身亡。Kuolim Mah, a Chinese resident of Kelowna, completed his flight training in 1933 and joined the fighter squadron of the Chinese central government air force. Starting in 1942, he flew the “Hump” route, a critical air corridor between China and the Allies during World War II, known as one of the most perilous transportation routes in aviation and military history, spanning approximately 800 kilometers. The Hump flights were the longest-running large-scale airlift in World War II, dubbed the “Death Route” due to treacherous terrain and weather. He tragically died in a crash in 1944.

见 See：https://www.ccmms.ca/chinese-canadian-history/honour-roll/

5. 关于洪门、致公党， Kelowna Chinatown 设置的中国国民党通讯处 The Hongmen, Zhigongtang, and the Kuomintang Communications Office in Kelowna Chinatown

1920年，致公堂在BC省的Kelowna举行正式会议，洪门竭尽全力支持孙中山革命成功 。Kelowna Chinatown 曾设有国民党通讯处。这一事实凸显了华人社区与中国政治运动之间的联系。近期我们将要求 Shui Lee 讲述洪门的历程。In 1920, Zhigongtang held a formal meeting in Kelowna, BC, where the Hongmen gave their all to support Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary success. Kelowna’s Chinatown once had a Kuomintang Communications Office, highlighting the connection between the Chinese community and Chinese political movements. We will soon invite Shui Lee to narrate the journey of the Hongmen.

以上只是我们 要继续整理，归集，核实和记录的 一个小小部分（线索草稿）。欢迎加入我们 Kelowna华人历史撰写团队，准备完备的记录和传承历史。These are just a few of the many stories we continue to organize, verify, and record (draft clues). We welcome you to join our Kelowna Chinese History Writing Team to prepare comprehensive records and preserve history.

本文用于 kelowna华人历史记录工作组资料收集和线索整理阶段，以便后期使用。This article is for the Kelowna Chinese History Recording Working Group’s information collection and clue organization stage, for future use.